Laying performance and egg quality in hens kept in standard or furnished cages

نویسندگان

  • Vanessa GUESDON
  • Jean Michel FAURE
چکیده

A total of 1992 ISA Brown hens were housed from 18 to 70 weeks of age, in four different types of cages: 2 models of standard cages (S5 and S6) and 2 models of furnished cages (F7 and F15). These cages housed 5, 6, 7 and 15 hens respectively with areas per hen of 660, 635, 826 and 1134 cm2. Furnished cages were fitted with a nest, a dust-bath and perches. The mortality rate was higher in the standard cages than in the furnished cages (cumulative mortality: S6 = 21%, S5 = 17%, F15 = 11%, F7 = 10%; P < 0.001). Mortality was mostly due to thermal stress and the difference between the 2 types of cages was probably attributable to the larger available floor space in the furnished cages, facilitating heat dissipation. The type of cage did not affect the laying rate. In the furnished cages, the percentage of eggs laid in the nest was low, especially in F15 (43.5% versus 68.1% in F7). The percentage of broken eggs was significantly higher in the furnished than in the standard cages (S5 = 5.4%, S6 = 3.3%, F7 = 7.7%, F15 = 8.4%). The difference between these two rearing systems was, however, considerably reduced when only the eggs laid in the nest were considered in the furnished cages (F7 = 4.9% and F15 = 5.1%). The percentage of dirty eggs was significantly different between the types of cages (S5 = 7.7%, S6 = 9.2%, F7 = 10.3% and F15 = 8.2%; P = 0.002). However, in the furnished cages, the number of dirty eggs was reduced when only the eggs laid in the nest were taken into account (F7 = 8.2% and F15 = 6.7%). We conclude that egg production could be similar in furnished and standard cages if most of the eggs were laid in the nest in furnished cages. This suggests that the improvement of furnished cages should first focus on the provision of more attractive nests. cage design / laying hen / nest / egg / quality Résumé – Performances de ponte et qualité de l’œuf de poules élevées en cages standard ou en cages aménagées. Un total de 1992 poules ISA brown étaient logées de 18 à 70 semaines d’âge dans 4 modèles de cages différents : deux modèles de cages standard (S5 et S6) et deux modèles de cages aménagées (F7 et F15). Ces cages logeaient respectivement 5, 6, 7 et 15 poules avec respectivement des surfaces par poule de 660, 635, 826 et 1134 cm2. Les cages aménagées étaient munies d’un nid, d’un bac à poussière et de perchoirs. Le taux de mortalité était plus élevé dans les cages standard que dans les cages aménagées (mortalité cumulée : S6 = 21 %, S5 = 17 %, F15 = 11 % et F7 = 10 % ; P < 0,001). Cette mortalité était majoritairement due à un stress thermique et la différence entre les deux types de cages peut sans doute être attribuée à l’espace disponible plus grand dans les cages * Corresponding author: [email protected] 46 V. Guesdon, J.M. Faure aménagées qui facilite la dissipation de la chaleur. Le taux de ponte était semblable dans les 4 modèles de cages. Les pourcentages d’œufs pondus au nid étaient bas dans les cages aménagées ; spécialement pour F15 (43,5 % versus 68,1 % en F7). Les pourcentages d’œufs cassés étaient significativement plus élevés en cages aménagées qu’en cages standard (S5 = 5,4 %, S6 = 3,3 %, F7 = 7,7 % et F15 = 8,4 %). Cependant, les différences entre les deux systèmes d’élevage étaient nettement réduites lorsque seulement les œufs pondus dans le nid étaient pris en compte pour les cages aménagées (F7 = 4,9 % et F15 = 5,1 %). Le pourcentage d’œufs sales était significativement différent entre les types de cages (S5 = 7,7 %, S6 = 9,2 %, F7 = 10,3 % et F15 = 8,2 % ; P = 0,002). Cependant, le pourcentage d’œufs sales était réduit en cages aménagées lorsque seulement les œufs pondus dans le nid étaient pris en compte (F7 = 8,2 % et F15 = 6,7 %). Nous concluons que la production d’oeufs pourrait être similaire en cages standard et aménagées si la majorité des œufs étaient pondus au nid dans les cages aménagées. Ceci suggère que l’amélioration des cages aménagées passe d’abord par la conception de nids plus attractifs. cage / poules pondeuses / nid / œuf / qualité

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تاریخ انتشار 2004